
Scientific Name
Phrynoidis asper
Common name
Asian Giant Toad, River Toad
Conservation status
Least Concern
Taxonomy
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Amphibia
- Order: Anura
- Family: Bufonidae
- Genus: Phrynoidis
- Species: Phrynoidis asper
Habitat
Asian Giant toads can be found all around Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand
Geographic range
Southeast Asia
Our Animals Name
Big Mac
Favorite enrichment item
Things to jump on and his hammock
Life span
In the wild: Average of 4 years
In human care: 10+ years
Diet
In the wild: Insects and other terrestrial invertebrates and vertebrates
At the Zoo: Insects and other terrestrial invertebrates
Location in Zoo
Big Mac is a member of our Ambassador Animals that live behind the scenes! If you would like to meet Big Mac in person, check out our daily, 11AM Amphitheater Presentations at the Awareness Amphitheater, located just beyond the covered bridge. Amphitheater Presentations are dependent on the weather. Please check our activity board, behind the Admissions booth, before coming to see us!
Meet Big Mac, the Giant of the Amphibian World
You’ve heard of Bigfoot… but have you met Big Mac?
This enormous amphibian is an Asian Giant Toad, also known as the River Toad—and he’s living proof that not all toads are tiny. While males like Big Mac max out around 5 inches long, females of this species can grow up to 8 inches—that’s as wide as a sheet of printer paper!
Big Mac is one of our Ambassador Animals, which means you won’t find him on your adventure around the zoo. Instead, he makes special appearances at our Amphitheater shows and roaming keeper chats. For presentation times, check the wooden board near the covered bridge or behind Admissions.
A Toad Built for Adventure
Native to Southeast Asia, the Asian Giant Toad can be found in countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Myanmar, typically near fast-moving forest streams. While most toads prefer to wander far and wide, these giants stick close to their home streams, often hiding under submerged rocks during the day and emerging at night to hunt.
As a nocturnal predator, Big Mac is most active when the sun goes down. His diet includes a variety of insects and small invertebrates, and in the wild, these toads are especially fond of ants and termites. Yum!
Built Big for a Reason
This toad isn’t just big for fun—it’s an evolutionary advantage. Larger size helps deter predators and allows the toad to eat larger, more energy-rich prey. Their skin is rough and bumpy (classic toad style), and it contains toxins that act as a defense mechanism. While they’re not dangerous to humans when left alone, it’s best to look but not touch.
Love Calls and Moonlight
While some amphibians call together in large choruses, the Asian Giant Toad prefers to go solo. Males like Big Mac call out independently year-round with a unique “raspy chirp”, often heard under a full moon. Their vocalizations help attract females, who can lay up to 12,000 eggs in one spawning event!
With such a frequent, high-output breeding cycle, it’s no wonder their populations remain stable in the wild.
Tiny Tadpoles, Big Impact
At every stage of life, toads like Big Mac play important roles in their ecosystems:
- Eggs & Tadpoles – Serve as food for fish, birds, and other wildlife
- Tadpoles – Help control algae overgrowth in streams, supporting aquatic biodiversity
- Adults – Provide natural pest control by eating insects like flies, ants, and termites
This makes them an essential part of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems!
Conservation Status
Conservation: Protecting the Wetlands
Although Asian Giant Toads are currently listed as Least Concern, the same can’t be said for all amphibians. Around the globe, wetlands are shrinking, and amphibian populations are facing dramatic declines due to:
- Habitat loss
- Pollution and chemical use
- Climate change
- Disease
You can help support amphibians like Big Mac from home:
- Avoid single-use plastics
- Use natural lawn care products—skip the harmful chemicals
- Join a citizen science project like FrogWatch USA
Toad-ally Awesome Fast Facts
- Native to Southeast Asia
- Females grow up to 8 inches long—wider than a sheet of paper!
- Nocturnal—most active at night
- Wild diet includes ants, termites, and other invertebrates
- Breeds year-round; females can lay up to 12,000 eggs at a time
- Tadpoles clean waterways by eating algae
- Males call independently—no chorus here!
- Ambassador animal—see him at the Amphitheater presentations!
Next time you're at the Zoo, stop by an Amphitheater show or a roaming keeper chat to meet Big Mac up close. He may not be as flashy as a tiger or as fast as a penguin, but this toad plays a giant role in his ecosystem—and he’s got a big personality to match!